<aside> ✂️ Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats; a DNA archive for viral DNA

</aside>

• First identified in E. coli
• palindromes
• spacer DNA
• cas genes
• CRISPR as a defence mechanism for bacteria
• What happens if the viral DNA does not match up to one of the spacer DNA sequences?
• Scientists realized that CRISPR is programmable
  • To activate genes, or embed new genes

CRISPR cas-9 system

• identification
• RNA on the cas-9 protein
• modification
• What happens once we have the DNA that we want to cut?
• What happens if we want to insert a gene?

uses of CRISPR

• Edit genome of early embryo created vis in vitro fertilization
  • Later in life, it is much harder to use CRISPR to treat genetic mutations
• Research and test treatments for:
  • Cancer
  • Blindness
  • Liver disease
• Editing misquito genomes to stop the transmission of disease like malaria